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GSE20693
Mus musculus
6 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
Because it excises thymine from GT mismatches, TDG was proposed to counter mutagenesis by 5-methylcytosine deamination. Yet, TDG was also observed to attack 5-methycytosine itself, making it a candidate DNA demethylase, and interactions with transcription factors implicated additional functions in gene regulation. Unlike other DNA glycosylases, TDG is essential for embryonic development. Fibroblasts from Tdg null embryos show massively impaired gene regulation, and this correlates with imbalanced histone modification and CpG methylation. TDG associates with the promoters of affected genes in MEFs and in embryonic stem cells, but epigenetic aberrations appear only in differentiated cells. TDG also contributes to the maintenance of active and bivalent chromatin during cell differentiation, using its DNA glycosylase activity to counter aberrant de novo methylation. Thus, TDG dependent DNA repair stabilizes epigenetic states during cell differentiation.
Publication Title
Embryonic lethal phenotype reveals a function of TDG in maintaining epigenetic stability.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 10 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133A 2.0 Array (hgu133a2)
Description
This study was performed to identify gene expression differences in not otherwise specified soft tissue sarcomas (NOS, malignant fibrous histiocytomas) and correlate them to histological findings and the clinical course. RNA was isolated and differential gene expression was analysed by the microarray technique.
Publication Title
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma--pleomorphic sarcoma, NOS gene expression, histology, and clinical course. A pilot study.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 24 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (hta20)
Description
We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression during early hESC differentiation to mesendoderm using FBS, with and without RUNX1 depletion.
Publication Title
Transient RUNX1 Expression during Early Mesendodermal Differentiation of hESCs Promotes Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition through TGFB2 Signaling.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 9 Downloadable Samples
IlluminaHiSeq1500
Description
The onset and progression of breast cancer are linked to genetic and epigenetic changes that alter the normal programming of cells. Epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones contribute to chromatin structure that results in the activation or repression of gene expression. Several epigenetic pathways have been shown to be highly deregulated in cancer cells. Targeting specific histone modifications represents a viable strategy to prevent oncogenic transformation, tumor growth or metastasis. Methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 has been extensively studied and shown to mark genes for expression; however this residue can also be acetylated and the specific function of this alteration is less well known. To define the relative roles of histone H3 methylation (H3K4me3) and acetylation (H3K4ac) in breast cancer, we determined genomic regions enriched for both marks in normal-like (MCF10A), transformed (MCF7) and metastatic (MDA-MB-231) cells using a genome-wide ChIP-Seq approach. Our data revealed a genome-wide gain of H3K4ac associated with both early and late breast cancer cell phenotypes, while gain of H3K4me3 was predominantly associated with late stage cancer cells. Enrichment of H3K4ac was overrepresented at promoters of genes associated with cancer-related phenotypic traits, such as estrogen response and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathways. Our findings highlight an important role for H3K4ac in predicting epigenetic changes associated with early stages of transformation. In addition, our data provide a valuable resource for understanding epigenetic signatures that correlate with known breast cancer-associated oncogenic pathways. Overall design: RNA-Seq of cell lines MCF10A, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231.
Publication Title
Histone H3 lysine 4 acetylation and methylation dynamics define breast cancer subtypes.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Genomic occupancy of Runx2 with global expression profiling identifies a novel dimension to control of osteoblastogenesis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Osteogenesis is a highly regulated developmental process and continues during the turnover and repair of mature bone. Runx2, the master regulator of osteoblastogenesis, directs a transcription program essential for bone formation through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. While individual Runx2 gene targets have been identified, further insights into the broad spectrum of Runx2 functions required for osteogenesis are needed. By performing genome-wide characterization of Runx2 binding at the three major stages of osteoblast differentiation: proliferation, matrix deposition and mineralization, we identified Runx2-dependent regulatory networks driving bone formation. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq) over the course of these stages, we discovered close to 80,000 significantly enriched regions of Runx2 binding throughout the mouse genome. These binding events exhibited distinct patterns during osteogenesis, and were associated with proximal promoters as well as a large percentage of Runx2 occupancy in non-promoter regions: upstream, introns, exons, transcription termination site (TTS) regions, and intergenic regions. These peaks were partitioned into clusters that are associated with genes in complex biological processes that support bone formation. Using Affymetrix expression profiling of differentiating osteoblasts depleted of Runx2, we identified novel Runx2 targets including Ezh2, a critical epigenetic regulator; Crabp2, a retinoic acid signaling component; Adamts4 and Tnfrsf19, two remodelers of extracellular matrix. We demonstrated by luciferase assays that these novel biological targets are regulated by Runx2 occupancy at non-promoter regions. Our data establish that Runx2 interactions with chromatin across the genome reveal novel genes, pathways and transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of osteoblastogenesis.
Publication Title
Genomic occupancy of Runx2 with global expression profiling identifies a novel dimension to control of osteoblastogenesis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 5 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Identifying Nuclear Matrix-Attached DNA Across the Genome.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (hta20)
Description
We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression during early hESC differentiation to Mesendoderm using FBS.
Publication Title
Lineage-Specific Early Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Requires a G2 Cell Cycle Pause.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Cell line, Time
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 5 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
Experimental approaches to define the relationship between gene expression and nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) have given contrasting and method-specific results. We have developed a next generation sequencing strategy to identify MARs across the human genome (MAR-Seq). The method is based on crosslinking chromatin to its nuclear matrix attachment sites to minimize changes during biochemical processing. We used this method to compare nuclear matrix organization in MCF-10A mammary epithelial-like cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and evaluated the results in the context of global gene expression (array analysis) and positional enrichment of gene-regulatory histone modifications (ChIP-Seq). In the normal-like cells, nuclear matrixattached DNA was enriched in expressed genes, while in the breast cancer cells, it was enriched in non-expressed genes. In both cell lines, the chromatin modifications that mark transcriptional activation or repression were appropriately associated with gene expression. Using this new MAR-Seq approach, we provide the first genome-wide characterization of nuclear matrix attachment in mammalian cells and reveal that the nuclear matrixassociated genome is highly cell-context dependent.
Publication Title
Identifying Nuclear Matrix-Attached DNA Across the Genome.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
The chromatin modifying enzymes that drive the erythroid-specific transcription program are incompletely understood. Setd8 is the sole histone methyltransferase in mammals capable of generating mono-methylated histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me1) and is expressed at significantly higher levels in erythroid cells than any other cell- or tissue- type, suggesting that Setd8 has an erythroid-specific function. To test this hypothesis, stable knockdown of Setd8 was established in extensively self-renewing erythroblasts (ESREs), a well-characterized, non-transformed, model of erythroid maturation. Setd8 knockdown impaired erythroid maturation, characterized by a delay in hemoglobin accumulation, larger cell area, persistent kit expression, incomplete nuclear condensation, and lower rates of enucleation than control cells. Setd8 knockdown did not alter ESRE proliferation or viability, or result in accumulation of DNA damage. Global gene expression analyses following Setd8 knockdown suggests that in erythroid cells, Setd8 functions primarily as a repressor and demonstrated high levels of Gata2 expression. Setd8 occupies critical regulatory elements in the Gata2 locus, and knockdown of Setd8 resulted in loss of H4K20me1 and gain of H4 acetylation at the Gata2 1S promoter. Taken together, these results imply that Setd8 is an important regulator of erythroid maturation that works in part through repression of Gata2. Overall design: RNA-seq was performed of Setd8 knockdown and control cells, both while the cells were proliferating, and after 6 hours of maturation.
Publication Title
Histone methyltransferase Setd8 represses Gata2 expression and regulates erythroid maturation.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples