SVGR2 cells are glial cells which are derived from SVG-A cells. They were created by subjecting SVG-A cells to multiple rounds of lytic infection by the human polyomavirus JCV. SVGR2 cells are the cells that survived this process and are resistant to JCV infection. This experiment was designed to identify gene expression differences that may be responsible for SVGR2 resistance to JCV.
Microarray analysis of glial cells resistant to JCV infection suggests a correlation between viral infection and inflammatory cytokine gene expression.
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View SamplesCellular senescence is a stable proliferation arrest associated with an altered secretory pathway, the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). However, cellular senescence is initiated by diverse molecular triggers, such as activated oncogenes and shortened telomeres, and is associated with varied and complex physiological endpoints, such as tumor suppression and tissue aging. The extent to which distinct triggers activate divergent modes of senescence that might be associated with different physiological endpoints is largely unknown. To begin to address this, we performed gene expression profiling to compare the senescence programs associated with two different modes of senescence, oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) and replicative senescence (RS [in part caused by shortened telomeres]). While both OIS and RS are associated with many common changes in gene expression compared to control proliferating cells, they also exhibit substantial differences. These results are discussed in light of potential physiological consequences, tumor suppression and aging.
A comparison of oncogene-induced senescence and replicative senescence: implications for tumor suppression and aging.
Cell line
View SamplesDownregulation of EZH2 Leads to Cellular Senescence with Features of SASP Overall design: Cells were infected with a lentivirus vector expressing shRNA against EZH2 and harvested at 4 and 8 days after infection. Total RNA was harvested from cells using Trizol reagent (Invitrogen) and further purified using the Purelink RNA Mini kit (Invitrogen) with DNase I digestion. RNA library preparation with polyA selection and Illumina HiSeq 2x150bp sequencing was performed by GeneWiz Inc. Paired-end reads were quality trimmed using Trim galore v0.4.0 and subsequently aligned to the human reference genome, hg19, using HISAT2 v2.1.0. Reads mapping to annotated genes were quantified using featureCounts (Liao et al., 2014). Differential gene expression was determined using DESeq2 v1.12.4 (Love et al., 2014) and significance was defined as FDR-corrected p-values of <0.05. The log2 fold change for each gene was used to rank the list of genes for GSEAPreranked analysis (Subramanian et al., 2005). FPKM values were calculated using DESeq2 and Z-scores were generated from FPKMs
Regulation of Cellular Senescence by Polycomb Chromatin Modifiers through Distinct DNA Damage- and Histone Methylation-Dependent Pathways.
Subject, Time
View SamplesHutchinsonGilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disease with widespread phenotypic features resembling premature aging. HGPS was recently shown to be caused by dominant mutations in the LMNA gene, resulting in the in-frame deletion of 50 amino acids near the carboxyl terminus of the encoded lamin A protein. Children with this disease typically succumb to myocardial infarction or stroke caused by severe atherosclerosis at an average age of 13 years. To elucidate further the molecular
Genome-scale expression profiling of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome reveals widespread transcriptional misregulation leading to mesodermal/mesenchymal defects and accelerated atherosclerosis.
Cell line
View SamplesMYC is a pleiotropic transcription factor that regulates numerous pathways and whose deregulation promotes cancer. Myc+/- mice have extended lifespan relative to their wild type littermates. To better understand the effects of the Myc+/- genotype on cellular processes, microarrays were performed on young (5 month) and old (24 month) Myc+/- and WT males in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues.
Reduced expression of MYC increases longevity and enhances healthspan.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesRNA-seq transcriptome analysis identified a functional requirement for zebrafish Rfx4 in the developing neural floor plate and roof plate. Overall design: Embryos derived from an rfx4uw8013/+ incross were sorted by phenotype into mutant and sibling groups. RNA was prepared from each individual embryo at ~ 25 hpf
Zebrafish Rfx4 controls dorsal and ventral midline formation in the neural tube.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNA-seq transcriptome analysis identified an early requirement for zic2 in periocular neural crest as an activator of alx1, a transcription factor with essential roles in craniofacial and ocular morphogenesis in human and zebrafish Overall design: Embryos derived from a zic2aGBT133/+; zic2bUW1127/+ incross were sorted by presence or absence of coloboma. RNA was prepared from each individual embryo at ~ 25 hpf
Zebrafish zic2 controls formation of periocular neural crest and choroid fissure morphogenesis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPosttranscriptional regulation of mRNA levels in neutrophils and its consequences for immune responses are unexplored. By employing profiling of the neutrophil transcriptome we show that the mRNA-destabilizing protein tristetraprolin (TTP) limits the expression of hundreds of genes, including genes negatively regulating apoptosis. Elicited TTP-deficient neutrophils exhibited reduced apoptosis and were increased in numbers. The anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 was elevated in TTP-deficient neutrophils and Mcl1 mRNA was bound and destabilized by TTP. Ablation of TTP in macrophages and neutrophils resulted in an improved defense and survival of mice during invasive infection with Streptococcus pyogenes. Mice lacking myeloid TTP prevented dissemination of bacteria and efficiently blunted systemic disease by massive but controlled neutrophil deployment. These data identify posttranscriptional control by TTP to restrict neutrophils and antimicrobial defense. Overall design: WT and TTPKO peritoneal neutrophils stimulated with LPS for 4 h. Each condition analyzed in three replicates
The RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin schedules apoptosis of pathogen-engaged neutrophils during bacterial infection.
Subject
View SamplesPrecise control of mRNA decay is fundamental for robust yet not exaggerated inflammatory responses to pathogens. Parameters determining the specificity and extent of mRNA degradation within the entire inflammation-associated transcriptome remain incompletely understood. Using transcriptome-wide high resolution occupancy assessment of the mRNA-destabilizing protein TTP, a major inflammation-limiting factor, we qualitatively and quantitatively characterize TTP binding positions and functionally relate them to TTP-dependent mRNA decay in immunostimulated macrophages. We identify pervasive TTP binding with incompletely penetrant linkage to mRNA destabilization. A necessary but not sufficient feature of TTP-mediated mRNA destabilization is binding to 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs). Mapping of binding positions of the mRNA-stabilizing protein HuR in activated macrophages revealed that TTP and HuR binding sites in 3’ UTRs occur mostly in different transcripts implicating only a limited co-regulation of inflammatory mRNAs by these proteins. Remarkably, we identify robust and widespread TTP binding to introns of stable transcripts. Nuclear TTP is associated with spliced-out introns and maintained in the nucleus throughout the inflammatory response. Our study establishes a functional annotation of binding positions dictating TTP-dependent mRNA decay in immunostimulated macrophages. The findings allow navigating the transcriptome-wide landscape of RNA elements controlling inflammation. Overall design: Experiment comparing RNA decay rates in WT and TTP-/- macrophages at LPS 3 h and 6 h. Transcription was blocked with actinomycin D for 0, 45 or 90 min. Decay rates was calculated using linear model.
Tristetraprolin binding site atlas in the macrophage transcriptome reveals a switch for inflammation resolution.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject, Time
View SamplesPrecise control of mRNA decay is fundamental for robust yet not exaggerated inflammatory responses to pathogens. Parameters determining the specificity and extent of mRNA degradation within the entire inflammation-associated transcriptome remain incompletely understood. Using transcriptome-wide high resolution occupancy assessment of the mRNA-destabilizing protein TTP, a major inflammation-limiting factor, we qualitatively and quantitatively characterize TTP binding positions and functionally relate them to TTP-dependent mRNA decay in immunostimulated macrophages. We identify pervasive TTP binding with incompletely penetrant linkage to mRNA destabilization. A necessary but not sufficient feature of TTP-mediated mRNA destabilization is binding to 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs). Mapping of binding positions of the mRNA-stabilizing protein HuR in activated macrophages revealed that TTP and HuR binding sites in 3’ UTRs occur mostly in different transcripts implicating only a limited co-regulation of inflammatory mRNAs by these proteins. Remarkably, we identify robust and widespread TTP binding to introns of stable transcripts. Nuclear TTP is associated with spliced-out introns and maintained in the nucleus throughout the inflammatory response. Our study establishes a functional annotation of binding positions dictating TTP-dependent mRNA decay in immunostimulated macrophages. The findings allow navigating the transcriptome-wide landscape of RNA elements controlling inflammation. Overall design: RNA-Seq of RNA isolated from murine bone marrow derived macrophages (WT or TTP-deficient) stimulated for 6 h with LPS
Tristetraprolin binding site atlas in the macrophage transcriptome reveals a switch for inflammation resolution.
No sample metadata fields
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