mRNA from wild-type (Cre-) and MLL1-deficient (Cre+) BMDMs were analyzed via gene chip (Mouse Gene ST 2.1, Affymetrix) for relative expression changes. Isolated mRNA from Cre- and Cre+ BMDMs stimulated with classical activation signals (IFNg, LPS or IFNg+LPS) was analyzed using a gene chip panel of >40,000 RefSeq transcripts, and resulting fold expression was determined by analyzing quality-controlled expression values for validated probesets.
The STAT4/MLL1 Epigenetic Axis Regulates the Antimicrobial Functions of Murine Macrophages.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIt is possible to identify the key genes and pathways involved in specific physiological processes using transcriptome analyses. However, these powerful new deep sequencing-based methods have rarely been applied to studies of memory function. We used the bow-tie maze to train rats by exposing them to highly familiar objects or to novel objects. Total RNA sequencing was then used to compare the transcriptome of the perirhinal cortices of naïve control rats and rats exposed to novel and familiar stimuli. Differentially expressed genes were identified between group Novel and group Familiar rats and these included genes coding for transcription factors and extracellular matrix-related proteins. Moreover, differences in alternative splicing were also detected between the two groups. To conclude, this study shows that RNA sequencing can be used as a tool to identify differences in gene expression in behaving animals undergoing the same task but encountering different exposures. Overall design: RNA profiles of perirhinal cortex from rats exposed to novel objects (n=5) or familiar objects (n=5) in a recognition memory task were investigated using the Ion Proton System. Controls were naïve rats that had not undergone any behavioural testing (n=4).
Recognition memory-induced gene expression in the perirhinal cortex: A transcriptomic analysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe hypothesize that gene expression in the Type II cells of Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- mice are divergent thus contributing the cell growth. More specifically, type II cells from Nrf2-/- mice have increased reactive oxygen species that cause the impaired cell growth. In order to test these hypotheses at the gene expression level, we utilized microarray analysis to examine transcriptional differences between Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- cells.
Genetic dissection of the Nrf2-dependent redox signaling-regulated transcriptional programs of cell proliferation and cytoprotection.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe treated melanoma cells with BRAF mutation with BRAF inhibitor and screened for BRAF inhibitor resistant cells. We extracted total mRNA from parental cells and resistant cell lines. We compared their expression by carried out Affymetrix Huex 1.0 ST expression array.
Epigenetic changes of EGFR have an important role in BRAF inhibitor-resistant cutaneous melanomas.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThirty-eight tumors from 17 patients treated with BRAF inhibitor (n=12) or combination BRAF/MEK inhibitors (n=5) with known PD-L1 expression were analyzed. RNA expression arrays were performed on all pre-treatment (PRE, n=17), early during treatment (EDT, n=8) and progression (PROG, n=13) biopsies. HLA-A/HLA-DPB1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of PRE, EDT and PROG melanomas revealed that transcriptome signatures indicative of immune cell activation were strongly positively correlated with PD-L1 staining. In contrast, MAPK signaling and canonical Wnt/--catenin activity were negatively associated with PD-L1 melanoma expression. The expression of PD-L1 and immune activation signatures did not simply reflect the degree or type of immune cell infiltration, and was not sufficient for tumor response to MAPK inhibition.
PD-L1 Expression and Immune Escape in Melanoma Resistance to MAPK Inhibitors.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Epigenome-wide DNA methylation landscape of melanoma progression to brain metastasis reveals aberrations on homeobox D cluster associated with prognosis.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesMelanoma is one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant cancers. It represents the most life-threatening neoplasm of the skin, and its incidence has been increasing for the last three decades. Melanoma evolves from the local transformation of melanocytes to primary tumors, which can metastasize to multiple organs. Brain metastases represent one of the most significant causes of death in cutaneous melanoma patients. Despite aggressive multi-modality threapy, patients with melanoma brain metastasis have a median survival of less than a year, with a majority of these patients dying as a result of their intracranial disease. To identify alterations in gene expression related to brain metastasis, we used Affymetrix expression arrays to assess differentially expressed genes in melanocytes, lymph node metastases, and brain metastases.
Epigenome-wide DNA methylation landscape of melanoma progression to brain metastasis reveals aberrations on homeobox D cluster associated with prognosis.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesVemurafenib is a BRAF inhibitor with specificity for the most common BRAF mutant encountered in melanomas (BRAFV600E). Vemurafenib suppresses the proliferation of BRAF mutant human melanoma cells by suppressing downstream activation of the MEK/ERK mitogen activated protein kinases.
Response of BRAF-mutant melanoma to BRAF inhibition is mediated by a network of transcriptional regulators of glycolysis.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesSamples used for hybridization consisted of non-pooled (NP) RNA extracts from 8 groups in each of two time periods after drug administration: oil vehicle treated control embryonic limb bud mesoderm and ectoderm, phosphate buffered saline vehicle control embryonic limb bud mesoderm and ectoderm, acetazolamide treated embryonic limb bud mesoderm and ectoderm, and cadmium sulfate treated embryonic limb bud mesoderm and ectoderm. Forty-eight hybridization experiments were on non-pooled (NP) individual RNA extracts.
Microarray analysis of murine limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm after exposure to cadmium or acetazolamide.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe goal of this experiment was to examine the innate immune response to helminth infection in the lung. Hookworms (like many other helminths) use an obligate migration pathway through the lung. Their infection has been characterized in the gut in detail, but early immune responses in the lung have not been fully characterized.
Innate immune responses to lung-stage helminth infection induce alternatively activated alveolar macrophages.
No sample metadata fields
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