It was the purpose to analyse the changes in gene expression which occur in the mouse small intestine from the pre-weaning to the post-weaning stage. The gene expression was accordingly followed from postnatal day 4 to postnatal day 32.
Cellular cross talk in the small intestinal mucosa: postnatal lymphocytic immigration elicits a specific epithelial transcriptional response.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesBasal airway epithelial cells (AEC) constitute stem/progenitor cells within the central airways and respond to mucosal injury in an ordered sequence of spreading, migration, proliferation, and dif-ferentiation to needed cell types. However, dynamic gene transcription in the early events after mucosal injury has not been studied in AEC. We examined gene expression using microarrays following mechanical injury (MI) in primary human AEC grown in submersion culture to generate basal cells and in the air-liquid interface to generate differentiated AEC (dAEC) that include goblet and ciliated cells. A select group of ~150 genes was in differential expression (DE) within 2 - 24 hr after MI, and enrichment analysis of these genes showed over-representation of functional categories related to inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Network-based gene prioritization and network reconstruction using the PINTA heat kernel diffusion algorithm demonstrated highly connected networks that were richer in differentiated AEC compared to basal cells. Similar ex-periments done in basal AEC collected from asthmatic donor lungs demonstrated substantial changes in DE genes and functional categories related to inflammation compared to basal AEC from normal donors. In dAEC, similar but more modest differences were observed. We demon-strate that the AEC transcription signature after MI identifies genes and pathways that are im-portant to the initiation and perpetuation of airway mucosal inflammation. Gene expression oc-curs quickly after injury and is more profound in differentiated AEC, and is altered in AEC from asthmatic airways. Our data suggest that the early response to injury is substantially different in asthmatic airways, particularly in basal airway epithelial cells.
Chemokine expression in the early response to injury in human airway epithelial cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesMiRNAs are essential mediators of many biological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks during exercise and subsequent recovery period.
Dynamically regulated miRNA-mRNA networks revealed by exercise.
Sex, Age
View SamplesDendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal for both recognition of antigens and control of an array of immune responses by recognizing microbes through distinct pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The first microbial component to be studied in detail and known to cause septic shock is endotoxin (LPS). DCs recognize LPS via Toll-like receptor TLR-47. LPS causes many changes in the DCs, but the elicitation of cytokine production is perhaps the one with clear biologic relevance.
Targeting of microRNA-142-3p in dendritic cells regulates endotoxin-induced mortality.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesHerpesviruses are known to encode micro (mi)RNAs and to use them to regulate the expression of both viral and cellular genes. The genome of Kaposis sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes a cluster of twelve miRNAs, which are abundantly expressed during both latency and lytic infection. Relatively few cellular targets of KSHV miRNAs are known. Here, we used a microarray expression profiling approach to analyze the transcriptome of both B lymphocytes and endothelial cells stably expressing KSHV miRNAs and monitor the changes induced by the presence of these miRNAs. We generated a list of potential cellular targets by looking for miRNA seed-match-containing transcripts that were significantly down regulated upon KSHV miRNAs expression. Interestingly, the overlap of putative targets identified in B lymphocytes and endothelial cells was minimal, suggesting a tissue-specific target-regulation by viral miRNAs. Among the putative targets, we identified caspase 3, a critical factor for the control of apoptosis, which we validated using luciferase reporter assays and western blotting. In functional assays we obtained further evidence that KSHV miRNAs indeed protect cells from apoptosis.
Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus microRNAs target caspase 3 and regulate apoptosis.
Cell line
View SamplesUsing microarray analysis, we explored the differences in gene expression in wounded and intact skin using murine model. Injured skin samples were examined at days 1 and 4 post injury.
Receptor Mincle promotes skin allergies and is capable of recognizing cholesterol sulfate.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesThe prevailing dogma that approximately 50% of our genome is “junk” DNA composed of transposable elements and retroviral insertions has recently been challenged. It has become evident that our genome has taken advantage of these transposable elements and uses them as a source of DNA to generate novel genes, which subsequently allow the organism to evolve. This process is termed “domestication of transposable elements” and the majority of these genes have been found to be essential for the existence of the organism. One of these developmentally essential domesticated genes: Peg10 (paternally expressed gene 10), was derived from a Ty3/gyspy LTR retrotransposon, yet lost its ability to transpose due to mutational events during its domestication. Remarkably, Peg10 has successfully maintained its Gag and Pol-like domains for millions of years. Peg10 orthologues are expressed in eutherian mammals and are essential for placentogenesis. To address the functional mechanisms of Peg10 we studied it in Trophoblast Stem Cells (TSCs). We find that the Gag of Peg10 is fully active: it promotes budding of vesicles, akin to the viral counterpart that catalyzes the budding of viruses. TSCs, deleted for Peg10, fail to differentiate into placental lineages, underscoring a critical role in lineage specification. This paper discusses our efforts to characterize the contents of Peg10 vesicles and whether such vesicles regulate lineage specification. Overall design: RNA was extracted from following genotypes - wildtype TSCs (WT_TSC), Peg10 knockout TSCs (KO_TSC), wildtype TSCs differentiated in 20% oxygen (WT_TSC_diff), Peg10 knockout TSCs differentiated in 20% oxygen (KO_TSC_diff), wildtype TSCs differentiated in 2% oxygen (WT_diff_2O2),and Peg10 knockout TSCs differentiated in 2% oxygen (KO_diff_2O2). Cells are kept in the pluripotent state by growing them on CellStart/Fgf4/Heparin. The cells were differentiated in two different conditions: 20% oxygen and 2% oxygen. The samples were collected at 10th day following differentiation. Cells are harvested and RNA is isolated using the Qiagen RNeasy kit. RT-PCR was performed for several differentiation markers to validate the success of the assay.
The Gag protein PEG10 binds to RNA and regulates trophoblast stem cell lineage specification.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesTotal, nascent and unlabeled RNA were prepared following 1h of labeling with 100 M 4-thiouridine and 3 replicates analyzed by Affymetrix Gene ST 1.0 arrays
Systematic analysis of viral and cellular microRNA targets in cells latently infected with human gamma-herpesviruses by RISC immunoprecipitation assay.
Cell line
View SamplesRIP-Chip was performed on DG75-eGFP, DG75-10/12, BCBL-1, BL41, BL41 B95.8 and Jijoye using anti-human Ago2 (11A9) antibodies. Anti-BrdU antibodies were used as controls for DG75-eGFP, DG75-10/12 and BCBL-1. Total RNA was used as control for BL41, BL41 B95.8 and Jijoye. Samples were analyzed on Affymetrix Gene ST 1.0 Arrays (2 independent biological replicates / sample)
Systematic analysis of viral and cellular microRNA targets in cells latently infected with human gamma-herpesviruses by RISC immunoprecipitation assay.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe identified miR-95 in a screen for miRNAs which functionally affect
A non-conserved miRNA regulates lysosomal function and impacts on a human lysosomal storage disorder.
Cell line
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